We do not say that a man who takes no interest in politics is a man who minds his own business; we say that he has no business here at all.
- Pericles’ funeral oration, Athens, 431 BCE
The 17th Topshee Conference, sponsored by the Extension Department of St Francis Xavier University, convened during the weekend of 25–26 May 2002 on the theme of “Reclaiming Democracy.” As the first significant gathering of social activists from around the Canadian Maritime provinces — including most of the anti-globalisation activists — to unfold since the NATO invasion of Afghanistan, the venue offered an excellent opportunity in which to investigate the state of the movement in the wake of the 9-11 Twin Towers attack. (15 June 2002)
The opening session featured a keynote speech by Stephen Lewis, a former Ontario politician who had moved onto the UN stage as IIIV-AIDS ambassador deputized by the Secretary General to various countries on the African continent. The closing 2½ -hour plenary “town hall” next day heard a wide range of views, discussing many themes from his address, which was repeatedly praised without analysis or criticism. The problem was, during the “question and answer” session following the speech, he treated a serious question about Canada-US relations in a shockingly cavalier manner. This stirred an undertone of disagreement that would simmer beneath the conference’s surface all weekend.
Following several others’ remarks on democracy, media and the problems – and asserted “death” – of so-called “alternative media,” the writer intervened to point out that “the conclusion that ‘the alternate press is dying’ needs to be further explored”, and continued:
Modern society is inconceivable without mass media. Media emerged as a social power – the so-called “fourth estate.” This was one of the outcomes of the struggle to replace a system based on feudal privilege with another, promising social equality and purporting to be “democratic.” Many a government touts how it is more or less democratic in form, although most are anything but democratic in practice. Many media today identify “democracy” with these forms. But they keep silent about their content. This has created a serious “credibility crisis.” There is widescale public rejection or suspicion of media reportage about current events. The provision of other media as a so-called “alternative” subsequently proliferated into an industry.
Few of these “alternative” media have been interested to oppose the decay of democracy in practice. There has nevertheless remained democratic space available to reclaim. Establishment media today distort and suppress popular participation. Even so, it does not follow that democratic space has been eliminated. The defence of free expression remains in people’s hands. It has not been reduced to the activity of a collection of isolated saintly individuals. Media in principle remain an indispensable organic component of every genuinely democratic process. They record collective preoccupations and mirror emerging collective concerns. Media-as-such continue as long as there are collectives with issues to sort out and decisions to reach.
When it comes to “alternatives”, the issue is not “what kind of media?”. The issue is: “what kind of collectives?” A newspaper or magazine hoists the “alternative” banner — so what? This in itself reveals nothing about what interests it serves. When it comes to the content of democracy, we come to the nub of the matter. Establishment media have been covering it up, and others have tiptoed around it. Here the issue is not the messenger, but the message. Specifically: whose interests are served by the message?
Yesterday’s keynote emphasised how preoccupations with neoliberal globalisation offered the younger generation little or no future. Globalisation has gravely complicated the search for democratically-based solutions to major problems – in Argentina, Venezuela, etc. The HIV-AIDS crisis in Africa has become a matter of life and death mainly as a result of how globalisation impeded implementation of existing, well-understood, functional solutions.
But Stephen Lewis’s flippant retort to a query about what Canadians could do about the US – playing the situation for laughs with his rhetorical question “Are you on drugs?” — crossed a line. His stated view that Canadians as a people initially accepted the Bush administration’s foreign policy and then became increasingly comfortable with it “since 9-11” was false as a matter of fact. It remains absurd at the level of principle.1
Before the 1990s, there were struggles to democratise access to, and exercise of, rights in the workplace and the community. Many of these were waged by social collectives – such as women – that hitherto had not been well-served by trade unions, elected officials, etc. Then came the anti-social offensive of “balancing the budget” through government cutbacks. Gains that the working people had struggled for decades to establish were now stripped away. Concerns about how to reclaim democracy resurfaced. Then the struggle against globalisation broke out in the open. This linked struggles to affirm rights with struggles against the anti-social offensive of governments on the one hand and anti-imperialist struggles on the other.
Behind these shifts within the Canadian scene, corporate powers – and governments acting in their stead – continued to integrate politically and economically ever more closely with the USA. Today there remains an obscene readiness to tear social safety nets asunder, for example in Ontario and Alberta. In the mad scramble for ever greater opportunities of private profit, for example in forestry and other resource extraction sectors, there is increased pressure to privatise public space (“protected” wilderness), relax statutory requirements for environmental assessments, etc. Behind the decay of formal political democracy is this public sector decay. Standing directly behind are the naked ambitions of pro-US and US-directed corporate power. Some Canadians have responded saying: let sleeping dogs lie; others have responded by agitating for new and improved policies: both are affirmations of impotence.
As a consequence of America’s hegemonic behaviour since the disappearance of the Soviet bloc, “democracy” has become an even more urgent issue for billions of our fellow citizens on this planet. America’s tremendous blind spot — the quest for immortality and its obsession not to become the world’s last superpower — has been increasingly exposed as it develops the role of “sole superpower”. Its interference in everyone else’s affairs has increased. It strives to extirpate anything deemed “a threat”, to shoot first and not even bother to ask questions before or later. It is seized with a profound crisis of justification. It assumes nothing is safe until it’s under the control of American corporate, military or political control.
In the wake of the Bush-Gore election travesty, discussion of the very principles of political democracy has become more sensitive than ever. The debates about complexities of two-party versus multiparty systems, proportional representation, extension of the franchise with guarantees and so on have been replaced by Washington simply commanding various regimes to implement its program. All this has simplified matters. The corruption of its leaders neither eliminates the commitment to democracy from below nor empowers those who would like still to be its advocates with special privileges. Recent developments have redefined what’s what and who’s who. The forces actually renewing that commitment today as those who ask the question: “what is to be done about U.S. imperialism?” with the aim of answering it.
We Canadians have been compelled to live in intimate intercourse with the American empire for – well, forever. It has been so long, and become so familiar, yet something has shifted. Can anyone recall a more dangerous government holding office there, with such a weak (actually fictional) mandate, determined to impose unilaterally such a breadth of changes on the rest of the world? The fact is: people have such concerns, and discuss them widely. Although the media have filtered it out, the development of this discussion has become vitally important to acknowledge and assess.
How have we Canadians survived as a people and as a country? In my opinion, you cannot be Canadian without being a little anti-American. Being Canadian has always been a profoundly un-American activity. Our current situation is that of the fish-bone in the gullet of the American eagle. But it is not as unequal (or pro-eagle) as it sounds. The outcome is by no means a foregone conclusion. If the fish-bone doesn’t move, the eagle may ignore it. But if it shifts the eagle could choke. For the eagle, the potentially lethal consequences foreclose any option that involves swallowing the fish-bone whole. On the one hand, the eagle cannot “play nice” with the fish-bone; on the other, it is the acme of absurdity for the fish-bone to expect gratitude from the eagle. Neither can remain indifferent. Reconciliation is unthinkable before the fish-bone achieves independence from the eagle’s gullet.
The stand taken regarding the US has become a touchstone of democratic organising and activism, as the American empire becomes an issue pervading Canadians’ daily existence at every level, to the point where neither unconsciousness nor continuing to lick The Empire’s boots is any longer acceptable. This empire has its local and international colonial administrators and helpers beyond the USA, including Canadians — those who prefer the status quo under the “Pox Americana” (sic) even as it runs increasingly contrary to the interests of this nation. Skilled enough to leapfrog any threat from “new policy” in a single UN speech, these dogs never sleep, but consistent democratic mobilisation – the struggle to affirm rights – is certain to unmask them.
With the war in Afghanistan and the threat to resume full-scale war against Iraq, this unmasking is increasingly essential. The situation can no more be pushed back to a containable state than toothpaste can be pushed back into a tube. As the Bush administration applies more military toothpaste to arrest social decay, there is ever less accountability, and the waging of war itself becomes an excuse to criminalise dissent on a broad scale as governments assume impunity to invade areas of civil liberty previously deemed inviolate. This already includes arbitrary arrest and indefinite detention of persons of Arab origin or Middle Eastern family connections for the “crime” of being – of being who they are, what they are and where they are.2
Where can we go from here? What future are we bequeathing the coming generations? The answers are intimately bound up with the stand we take regarding the American empire.
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1. Lewis’s “analysis” may indeed apply among Canadian elites or people surrounding him at the UN. But ascribing such a posture to an entire people cannot be justified. Applied to African-Canadians, for example, or Quebecois, etc. such generalisations would instantly be condemned as racist. Canadians have been demonstrating across the country against the threat to deploy military retaliation since Sept 11 and against the war since the onset last Thanksgiving. They continue to register their opposition to the American course and concern for the future of the country’s sovereignty. That is why this contemptuous dismissal, compounded of an unwarranted cynicism and breezy vulgarity that completely misread the audience’s mood, was met by squirming, intakes of breath, individual repudiations – but not a single ripple of laughter, anywhere in the hall.
2. In the U.S. , some 1,200 such cases have been acknowledged.
Back in the day, the author was a member of the editorial board of shunpiking magazine. This was an independent Nova Scotia-centric and printed periodical of that time which would move largely online after 2003-04. Almost three years after preparing this article, with the aim of expanding this piece as part of a book project about anti-globalisation social movements in Atlantic Canada that he had agreed to assist, he undertook to obtain a record, transcript or any other evidence of Stephen Lewis’ remarks on this occasion. In declining my request, a St. Francis Xavier University official responsible for coordinating the Topshee Conferences indicated that, as a condition of his agreeing to appear, Mr Lewis had specifically mandated that no record of his remarks or his participation at this event either be published or retained by the university or the conference organization.
Epitaph for a coming attraction on the occasion of the election victory of the Palestinian people amid the death-watch in Hadassah Hospital
There’s the old butcher
Carved his last Canaanite
Nothing left but to breathe
By machines, day and night
Wretched and haunted
At the end by the thought
His life’s work gone all for nought
26 January 2006